Nanomaterials and Nanodevices

Nanoscience has been an emerging and rapidly expanding discipline in the past decade, which is the engineering of functional systems at the molecular scale. This covers both current work and concepts that are more advanced. Nanoscience and nanotechnology include three fields: nano-materials, nanodevices, and nanomeasurement and nano-characterization. This special issue mainly focuses on nano-materials and nanodevice. This special issue has received 84 papers from more than 10 countries and regions. Eight papers have been accepted to be published in this journal after reviewing by related reviewers and editor decision, which cover biomaterials and biological microdevices, micro-and nanofluidics, fabrication , metrology, solar cell technologies, nanomaterials, and nanoelectronics. N. D. Israelsen et al., authors of the paper titled " Nanopar-ticle Properties and Synthesis Effects on Surface-Enhanced Raman Scattering Enhancement Factor: An Introduction, " provide an introduction to how the factors such as nanoparti-cle size, shape, material, configuration, Raman reporters, and protective coatings influence signal enhancement and how to optimize them during synthesis of SERS nanoparticles. P. Koedrith et al., authors of the paper titled " Recent Trends in Rapid Environmental Monitoring of Pathogens and Toxicants: Potential of Nanoparticle-Based Biosensor and Applications, " describe current state of biosensor nanotech-nology with regard to the developments over 27 conventional detection methods and the challenges due to reality of environmental 28 samples. Future directions to further develop novel detection devices and their advantages over other environmental monitoring methodologies are also discussed. M. Yanagihara et al., authors of the paper titled " Vacuum Ultraviolet Field Emission Lamp Consisting of Neodymium Ion Doped Lutetium Fluoride Thin Film as Phosphor, " developed a vacuum ultraviolet (VUV) field emission lamp by using a neodymium ion doped lutetium fluoride (Nd 3+ :LuF 3) thin film as solid-state phosphor and carbon nanofiber field electron emitters. The thin film was synthesized by pulsed laser deposition and incorporated into the lamp. The cathodoluminescence spectra of the lamp showed multiple emission peaks at 180, 225, and 255 nm. These emission spectra were in good agreement with the spectra reported for the Nd 3+ :LuF 3 crystal. Moreover, application of an acceleration voltage effectively increased the emission intensity. These results contribute to the performance enhancement of the lamp operating in the VUV region. M. Tajdidzadeh et al., authors of the paper titled " Synthesis of Silver Nanoparticles Dispersed in Various Aqueous Media Using Laser Ablation, " investigated the particle size, morphology, and stability of Ag-NPs. A …